**New Covid-19 Variants Multiply Across Wales, Health Experts Warn**
Wales is witnessing a surge in two new Covid-19 variants, with fresh data revealing a marked week-on-week increase in cases. Public Health Wales (PHW) has called on the public to remain vigilant and urged those eligible to take up the Covid-19 vaccination, as shifting patterns in the virus’s evolution signal that the pandemic is far from over.
Recent figures point to the emergence of the NB.1.8.1 variant, which is making its presence felt more than five years after the world’s first coronavirus lockdowns. This new strain, which now constitutes over 10% of global Covid-19 infections, has been detected in both Northern Ireland and Wales. However, Welsh authorities have identified just four cases of NB.1.8.1 within their borders so far, and experts currently regard this particular strain as less of an immediate concern for Wales.
Despite the limited reach of NB.1.8.1 locally, the spotlight has turned sharply to two other variants: XFB and XFG. These variants have demonstrated an alarming acceleration. Over a span of just 28 days, confirmed cases of these strains in Wales have soared by 52.5%. Whereas XFB and XFG only made up 7.5% of all Covid-19 cases in the nation in late April, they accounted for a staggering 60% by 19th May, 2025.
This sharp rise serves as a sobering reminder that, although mask mandates and social distancing are largely a thing of the past, coronavirus remains an active threat, particularly for those with underlying health conditions. Dr Christopher Williams, a consultant epidemiologist at Public Health Wales, addressed the current trends with renewed advice for the public. He said, “The emergence of the XFB and XFG variants are a reminder that Covid-19 has not gone away. It is still important to take precautions if you develop symptoms such as fever, persistent cough, or loss of smell or taste, particularly to avoid spreading the virus to vulnerable people who can be severely affected.”
Encouragingly, there remains no evidence to suggest that these new variants, including XFB, XFG, and NB.1.8.1, lead to more severe illness compared to previous strains. Nonetheless, health authorities note that NB.1.8.1 appears to infect cells more efficiently and may bring gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhoea, constipation, and nausea. The most important takeaway, according to Public Health Wales, is that vaccines remain effective against all circulating variants, offering the best protection against serious illness.
The agency underscores the importance of vaccination, especially for those yet to receive their most recent jab. “If you are in an eligible group and have received an invitation for a Covid vaccination please take it up, as it remains the most effective way to avoid serious symptoms from Covid,” Dr Williams stated.
The rapid evolution and spread of variants highlight the unpredictable nature of the virus. For the time being, the health service advises the public to maintain usual precautions—such as isolating when experiencing classic Covid-19 symptoms and taking sensible measures to protect vulnerable contacts. While much of Welsh life has returned to normal, healthcare officials maintain that ongoing vigilance is essential, both at the community and national level.
Looking forward, Public Health Wales will continue to monitor the shifting landscape of Covid-19 variants through regular data updates and genetic surveillance. This evidence-based approach allows for swift adjustments to guidance as the situation evolves.
The recent spike in variant cases in Wales mirrors trends observed elsewhere in the UK and Europe, reminding us that while the virus may change shape, efforts to prevent its serious consequences are as vital as ever. As the country adapts to living with a virus that continues to evolve, officials urge patience, responsibility, and a commitment to the vaccination programme as our most effective defences.
For ongoing updates on public health guidance and Covid-19 developments in Wales, residents are encouraged to follow the official channels from Public Health Wales, and to stay informed of any changes to local measures designed to protect communities and the NHS.